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Ancient Egyptian Scribes Used "Correction Fluid" 3,300 Years Ago

22 Mar. 10:44

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Scientists have confirmed that scribes in Ancient Egypt corrected errors on papyrus using a substance remarkably similar to modern-day correction fluid. Experts at the Fitzwilliam Museum in Cambridge discovered this unusual detail while preparing for the "Made in Ancient Egypt" exhibition. This finding reveals the sophisticated techniques and professional standards maintained by scribes and artists more than three millennia ago, highlighting their dedication to precision.

Helen Strudwick, an exhibition organizer working on a 3,300-year-old copy of the "Book of the Dead," noticed an unusual phenomenon on one of the pages. The document, dating back to the 13th century BC, depicts a scribe named Ramos alongside the jackal-headed deity Wepwawet. Closer inspection using advanced imaging revealed a thick layer of white pigment, composed of calcite and huntite, applied strategically around the figure to mask original ink marks.

According to Strudwick, the artist used this ancient "white-out" to refine the edges of the drawing and make the lines thinner. Microscopic analysis even showed traces of yellow pigment mixed with the white substance to match the natural color of the papyrus. This indicates that Ancient Egyptian craftsmen were not only fixing mistakes but were also concerned with the aesthetic seamlessness of their corrections, ensuring that the edits were nearly invisible to the naked eye.

The papyrus containing the "Book of the Dead" was discovered in 1922 in a tomb at Sedment. It is widely regarded as one of the best-preserved examples of such ancient funerary texts. This discovery provides a fascinating link between ancient and modern stationery tools, proving that the concept of "whiting out" errors has been a part of professional writing and artistic endeavors for thousands of years.

















US Court Overturns Immigration Visa Ban Affecting Citizens of 75 Countries

23 Aug. 10:18

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A federal court in New York has overturned the US Department of State's directive restricting the issuance of immigration visas to citizens of 75 countries. According to Reuters, the ruling follows legal challenges brought by human rights advocacy groups and visa applicants.

Judge Jeannette Vargas ruled that Secretary of State Marco Rubio exceeded his statutory authority, emphasizing that denying visas solely based on nationality violates legal standards. The court decision presents a major legal setback for the Trump administration's tightened immigration policies.